Sysinternals Troubleshooting Utilities

The Sysinternals Troubleshooting Utilities have been rolled up into a single Suite of tools. This file contains the individual troubleshooting tools and help files. It does not contain non-troubleshooting tools like the BSOD Screen Saver or NotMyFault.

The Suite is a bundling of the following selected Sysinternals Utilities:

• AccessChk

v4.2 (July 16, 2008)
AccessChk v4.2 adds a new switch, -a, that dumps account rights and privileges, and reports non-canonical security descriptors (ones that have access control entries in an unsupported order).

• AccessEnum

1.32 (November 1, 2006)
This simple yet powerful security tool shows you who has what access to directories, files and Registry keys on your systems. Use it to find holes in your permissions.

• AdExplorer

v1.01 (November 27, 2007)
Active Directory Explorer is an advanced Active Directory (AD) viewer and editor.

• AdInsight

v1.01 (November 20, 2007)
An LDAP (Light-weight Directory Access Protocol) real-time monitoring tool aimed at troubleshooting Active Directory client applications.

• AdRestore

v1.1 (November 1, 2006)
Undelete Server 2003 Active Directory objects.

• Autologon

v2.10 (November 1, 2006)
Bypass password screen during logon.

• Autoruns

v9.32 (July 24, 2008)
This Autoruns update adds support for several additional shell extension points, including copy hook, property sheet, and drag and drop handlers, fixes a bug in the Vista gadget parsing code and better handles malformed paths.

• BgInfo

v4.14 (August 8, 2008)
This fully-configurable program automatically generates desktop backgrounds that include important information about the system including IP addresses, computer name, network adapters, and more.

• BlueScreen

v3.2 (November 1, 2006)
This screen saver not only accurately simulates Blue Screens, but simulated reboots as well (complete with CHKDSK), and works on Windows NT 4, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Server 2003 and Windows 9x.

• CacheSet

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
CacheSet is a program that allows you to control the Cache Manager's working set size using functions provided by NT. It's compatible with all versions of NT.

• ClockRes

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
View the resolution of the system clock, which is also the maximum timer resolution.

• Contig

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
Wish you could quickly defragment your frequently used files? Use Contig to optimize individual files, or to create new files that are contiguous.

• Ctrl2cap

v2.0 (November 1, 2006)
This is a kernel-mode driver that demonstrates keyboard input filtering just above the keyboard class driver in order to turn caps-locks into control keys. Filtering at this level allows conversion and hiding of keys before NT even "sees" them. Ctrl2cap also shows how to use NtDisplayString() to print messages to the initialization blue-screen.

• DebugView

v4.75 (August 8, 2008)
Another first from Sysinternals: This program intercepts calls made to DbgPrint by device drivers and OutputDebugString made by Win32 programs. It allows for viewing and recording of debug session output on your local machine or across the Internet without an active debugger.

• DiskExt

v1.1 (May 14, 2007)
Display volume disk-mappings.

• Diskmon

v2.01 (November 1, 2006)
This utility captures all hard disk activity or acts like a software disk activity light in your system tray.

• DiskView

v2.21 (November 1, 2006)
Graphical disk sector utility.

• Disk Usage (DU)

v1.31 (November 1, 2006)
View disk usage by directory.

• EFSDump

v1.02 (November 1, 2006)
View information for encrypted files.

Filemon
v7.04 (November 1, 2006)
This monitoring tool lets you see all file system activity in real-time.

• Handle

v3.41 (August 8, 2008)
This handy command-line utility will show you what files are open by which processes, and much more.

• Hex2dec

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
Convert hex numbers to decimal and vice versa.

• Junction

v1.05 (July 24, 2007)
Create Win2K NTFS symbolic links.

• LDMDump

v1.02 (November 1, 2006)
Dump the contents of the Logical Disk Manager's on-disk database, which describes the partitioning of Windows 2000 Dynamic disks.

• ListDLLs

v2.25 (November 1, 2006)
List all the DLLs that are currently loaded, including where they are loaded and their version numbers. Version 2.0 prints the full path names of loaded modules.

• LiveKd

v3.0 (November 1, 2006)
Use Microsoft kernel debuggers to examine a live system.

• LoadOrder

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
See the order in which devices are loaded on your WinNT/2K system.

• LogonSessions

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
List the active logon sessions on a system.

• MoveFile

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
Allows you to schedule move and delete commands for the next reboot.

• NewSID

v4.10 (November 1, 2006)
Learn about the computer SID problem everybody has been talking about and get a free computer SID changer, NewSID.

• NTFSInfo

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
Use NTFSInfo to see detailed information about NTFS volumes, including the size and location of the Master File Table (MFT) and MFT-zone, as well as the sizes of the NTFS meta-data files.

• PageDefrag

v2.32 (November 1, 2006)
Defragment your paging files and Registry hives.

• PendMoves

v1.1 (November 1, 2006)
Enumerate the list of file rename and delete commands that will be executed the next boot.

• PortMon

v3.02 (November 1, 2006)
Monitor serial and parallel port activity with this advanced monitoring tool. It knows about all standard serial and parallel IOCTLs and even shows you a portion of the data being sent and received. Version 3.x has powerful new UI enhancements and advanced filtering capabilities.

• Process Explorer

v11.21 (August 8, 2008)
Find out what files, registry keys and other objects processes have open, which DLLs they have loaded, and more. This uniquely powerful utility will even show you who owns each process.

• Process Monitor

v1.37 (August 8, 2008)
Monitor file system, Registry, process, thread and DLL activity in real-time.

• ProcFeatures

v1.10 (November 1, 2006)
This applet reports processor and Windows support for Physical Address Extensions and No Execute buffer overflow protection.

• PsExec

v1.94 (January 4, 2008)
Execute processes with limited-user rights.

• PsFile

v1.02 (December 4, 2006)
See what files are opened remotely.

• PsGetSid

v1.43 (December 4, 2006)
Displays the SID of a computer or a user.

• PsInfo

v1.75 (July 9, 2007)
Obtain information about a system.

• PsKill

v1.12 (December 4, 2006)
Terminate local or remote processes.

• PsList

v1.28 (December 4, 2006)
Show information about processes and threads.

• PsLoggedOn

v1.33 (December 4, 2006)
Show users logged on to a system.

• PsLogList

v2.64 (December 4, 2006)
Dump event log records.

• PsPasswd

v1.22 (December 4, 2006)
Changes account passwords.

• PsService

v2.22 (January 11, 2008)
View and control services.

• PsShutdown

v2.52 (December 4, 2006)
Shuts down and optionally reboots a computer.

• PsSuspend

v1.06 (December 4, 2006)
Suspend and resume processes.

• PsTools

v2.43 (February 12, 2007)
The PsTools suite includes command-line utilities for listing the processes running on local or remote computers, running processes remotely, rebooting computers, dumping event logs, and more.

• RegDelNull

v1.10 (November 1, 2006)
Scan for and delete Registry keys that contain embedded null-characters that are otherwise undeleteable by standard Registry-editing tools.

• RegHide

v1.0 (November 1, 2006)
Creates a key called "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Sysinternals\Can't touch me!\0" using the Native API, and inside this key it creates a value.

• RegJump

v1.01 (November 1, 2006)
Jump to the registry path you specify in Regedit.

• RegMon

v7.04 (November 1, 2006)
This monitoring tool lets you see all Registry activity in real-time.

• RootkitRevealer

v1.71 (November 1, 2006)
Scan your system for rootkit-based malware.

• SDelete

v1.51 (November 1, 2006)
Securely overwrite your sensitive files and cleanse your free space of previously deleted files using this DoD-compliant secure delete program.

• ShareEnum

v1.6 (November 1, 2006)
Scan file shares on your network and view their security settings to close security holes.

• ShellRunas

v1.01 (February 28, 2008)
Launch programs as a different user via a convenient shell context-menu entry.

• Sigcheck

v1.53 (May 28, 2008)
Dump file version information and verify that images on your system are digitally signed.

• Streams

v1.56 (April 27, 2007)
Reveal NTFS alternate streams.

• Strings

v2.40 (April 24, 2007)
Search for ANSI and UNICODE strings in binaryimages.

• Sync

v2.0 (November 1, 2006)
Flush cached data to disk.

• TCPView

v2.53 (January 11, 2008)
Active socket command-line viewer.

• VolumeId

v2.0 (November 1, 2006)
Set Volume ID of FAT or NTFS drives.

• Whois

v1.01 (November 1, 2006)
See who owns an Internet address.

• WinObj

v2.15 (November 1, 2006)
The ultimate Object Manager namespace viewer is here.

• ZoomIt

v2.10 (June 24, 2008)
Presentation utility for zooming and drawing on the screen.

Add Information and Image in My Computer

When you open properties of My computer, what all information do you see? Most common things are OS details under System, Registered to "Your name", and Processor and Ram details under Computer.

What if you want to add more information? Yes, more information can be added to the My Computer properties. How?
Well I must tell you it is very very easy to do this, and believe me this is as simple as Cut Copy Paste
Here is what you need to do

1. Open Notepad, and type in the following.

[General]
Manufacturer="You can type any information here"
Model="You can type any information here"

[Support Information]
Line1="You can type any information here"
Line2="You can type any information here"

1. P.S. - All the characters are case sensitive
2. You can add upto 10 lines in the Support Information section
3. Name this file as "OEMINFO.INI", and place it in System32 Folder
4. Just refresh and open My Computer Properties, and you will see additional information
   




To add an Image, follow these steps

1. Create any image of 125 X 125 pixel
2. Save it by name of "OEMLOGO.BMP"
3. Place this file in System32 folder
4. Refresh and you are done

If in case you want to undo these changes, just delete these files from system32 folder, and you will be back to normal.

Editing The Boot.ini File

Boot.ini file is an initialization file, but editing it for some people has been a bad experience. In this post i will let you know the codes and their meaning and also how to edit them easily. By default this is hidden in Xp, but in case of win 98, it can be searched.
To access the file in Xp :-

• Right click on My Computer and select Properties.
• Go to the Advanced tab and click Settings in Startup and Recovery section.
• Click Edit and you will see the Boot.ini file opened in a notepad.

Now File says something like this

[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect

The First line [Boot loader] just states the Booting Process.
timeout=30 is the time that will be provided to you to select from the list of OS's installed. This works only in case you have multiple OS's installed. It can be reduced easily, but make sure you give enough time to react upon it. 10 Seconds is the appropriate time.
The third line says multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect. multi(0) tells us the IDE on which the drive is attached to. Usually its Primary only. disk(0) shows the number of Hard disks mounted. rdisk(0) tells us from which disk it is booting. In case of SCSI drives, it might not show up. partition(1) tell that on which Logical partition the OS is installed on.
After that it says "Microsoft Windows XP Professional" that is the name that shows up on the OS selection page. You can put your own name there as well.
This was the editable part of Boot.ini file.
Now in case if you delete the file accidentally then you need not worry, you don't need to create the file again. Xp will create a file of its own, and your system is safe.
But in case if someone edits it and puts in the wrong information, then it you system will find the file but not the correct path. So that might harm your Computer.

Hope everyone got some idea abt editing boot.ini...

Boot XP from an External device

Many of u mite have faced a problem of missing Boot.ini file. The computer was not able to boot because it was not able to find the proper location of the boot files, thus creating a problem. But for this simple reason, you cannot format your computer, and when you know its just a small file. What can then be done?
Usually when this file is deleted, it automatically rewrites a new file, and this booting the system. But in this case, it was not. Whats the solution then ?

Well, to this problem what can be done is booting XP from a external device, be it Floppy, Pen drive or even a Disk. You just need to copy the booting files into these devices, and all is then controlled by XP.
You need to have a second computer, in case your computer is down too. But if it is healthy and doing good, prepare a copy NOW !!!

Firstly format your device like Floppy, or Pen drive in a FAT File system, and then copy "ntldr" and "ntdetect.com" files from the i386 folder of XP disk. Then you need to copy your Boot.ini file to the drive to make it bootable.
That's it You can then boot your computer from any external device.

Restore Your Computers Performance

If you think that your computer is not giving that kind of performance that it was giving about six months or a year back when it was new, then might your systems performance has degraded. This does happens with due course of time, with the softwares being installed and un-installed from the computer.
If you are using Windows Xp then this OS does contain some tools that might help you restoring your computers performance. I will be telling you know about these tools.

Just before trying all, do take Backup of your data. At least for the Root directory.

• Remove Unused Programs : Now this is the most common tip that must be followed to make a good start. As soon as you decide that you wont be using that software anymore, go ahead and uninstall it from Control Panel –> Add/Remove Programs. These softwares when unused remains in your computer and lowers its performance. You might need to restart your computer in some cases, do restart and follow the same if you have any other unused programs.
• Run Disk Cleanup : Removing unused files like Temporary Internet Files, Recycle Bin and other files with the help of Disk cleanup. You can access it by going into My computer –> Local Drive Properties –> Disk Cleanup. Click this button and it will analyze your computer and show you that which all files can be deleted and how much space can be taken out from it. Click on OK and your files will be removed by the tool. You must run this cleanup at least once in a Month. Also If you are having multiple drives, do perform the same operation on others.
• Defragment Your Drives : Lets first see that what is fragmented files and Defragmented files.
  Fragmented files would be the one which we can say as scattered. As these files are saved and edited from time to time therefore they get saved onto different sectors of Hard Drive. This makes computer more time to search for it and show the correct page.
  This image will make things more clear.
  

  Disk Defragmenter collects all the similar files and take them to a single place or sector in a drive, this makes computer in finding the files more easily and more Quickly.
  
  You can run this tool once in six months, also depending on your usage. You can access this tool by going onto Start –> Programs –> Accessories –> System Tools –> Disk Defragmenter.

• Remove Unused Network Connections : If you have ever made a network with one or more than one computers then you must have realized that it is really easy to share data. Now the problem is that when Windows boots, it patiently waits for the other computer to respond on the network, if not then it keeps on waiting, making you irate, untill it gets a proper answer from the other computer or till the time outs. This makes the system really slow specially during Boot process. Now to disable that, Right click on "My network places" and click "Disconnect Network Drive", it will show you all the drive to disconnect and you can choose from there, which are of no use.
• Remove Startup Items : When computer Boots, you would be able to see the some icons in the System Tray, these might look to you as shortcuts but they are like Burden on your computer as computer has to start each of these application and thus making it slower. These Startup items can be removed by a called "msconfig". Go to Run –> type msconfig and click Startup tab. In that tab click "Disable all" and the Restart you computer. Now this will make the booting of your computer real fast.

These were some of the tips to restore your computers performance levels. Do try them at your computer and see the difference.

Forgot your Admin Password??

Have you forgotten your Windows Xp Administrator Password, cant remember even after many tries?
Well you can easily change or wipe out your Administrator password during Windows XP Repair. Here's step-by-step description of Repair process.

1. Place your XP CD in your rom and start your computer(it's assumed that you have your bios set to "Boot from CDrom")
2. Select - Press any key to boot from CD
3. The first screen will indicate that Setup is inspecting your system and loading files.
4. Press ENTER to Setup Windows now
5. The Licensing Agreement comes next - accept it.
6. The next screen is the Setup screen which gives you the option to do a Repair, press R to begin the Repair process.
7. Setup will now check your disks and then start copying files
8. After the Copying Files stage, you will be required to reboot.
9. During the reboot, do not make the mistake of "pressing any key" to boot from the CD again! Setup will resume automatically with the standard billboard screens and you will notice Installing Windows is highlighted.
10. Keep your eye on the lower left hand side of the screen and when you see the Installing Devices progress bar, press SHIFT + F10. This is the Security hole! A command console will now open up giving you the potential for wide access to your system.
11. At the prompt, type NUSRMGR.CPL and press Enter. You will gain graphical access to your User Accounts in the Control Panel.
12. Now simply pick the account you need to change and remove or change your password as you prefer. After you've made your changes close the window, exit the command box and continue on with the Repair.
13. Once the Repair is done, you will be able to log on with your new password. Your programs and personalized settings should remain intact.

Difference between http:// and https:// - U should Know

The main difference between http:// and https:// is
It's all about keeping you secure

HTTP stands for HyperText Transport Protocol, which is just a fancy way of
saying it's a protocol (a language, in a manner of speaking) for information to
be passed back and forth between web servers and clients.

The important thing is the letter S which makes the difference between HTTP and HTTPS.

The S (big surprise) stands for "Secure".

If you visit a website or webpage, and look at the address in the web browser, it will likely begin with the following: http://.

This means that the website is talking to your browser using the regular
'unsecure' language.

In other words, it is possible for someone to "eavesdrop" on your
computer's conversation with the website.

If you fill out a form on the website, someone might see the information you
send to that site.

This is why you never ever enter your credit card number in an http
website!

But if the web address begins with https://, that basically means your computer is talking to the website in a secure code that no one can eavesdrop on.

You understand why this is so important, right?

If a website ever asks you to enter your credit card information, you should
automatically look to see if the web address begins with https://.

If it doesn't, there's no way you're going to enter sensitive information like a
credit card number!

CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

INTRODUCTION: -

Mobile communications are rapidly becoming more and more necessary for everyday activities. With so many more users to accommodate, more efficient use of bandwidth is a priority among cellular phone system operators. Equally important is the security and reliability of these calls. One solution that has been offered is a CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM.

CDMA is one method for implementing a multiple access communication system. MULTIPLE ACCESS is a technique where many subscribers or local stations can share the use of the use of a communication channel at the same time or nearly so despite the fact originate from widely different locations. A channel can be thought of as merely a portion of the limited radio resource, which is temporarily allocated for a specific purpose, such as someone’s phone call. A multiple access method is a definition of how the radio spectrum is divided into channels and how the channels are allocated to the many users of the system.

Since there are multiple users transmitting over the same channel, a method must be established so that individual users will not disrupt one another. There are essentially three ways to do this.

1. FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

In this technique, the available bandwidth is split up into non-overlapping frequency bands and these disjoint sub bands of frequency are allocated to the different users on a continuous time basis. In order to reduce interference between users allocated adjacent channel bands, channel bands are used to act as buffer zones, as illustrated in figure(1). These guard bands are necessary because of the impossibility of achieving ideal filtering for separating the different users. It could be compared to AM or FM broadcasting radio where each station has a frequency assigned.

2. TIME DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

In this technique, each user is allocated the full spectral occupancy of

The channel, but only for a short duration of time called time slot. Buffers zones are in the form of guard times are inserted between the assigned time slots. This is done to reduce interference between users by allowing for time uncertainty that arises due to system imperfections, especially in synchronization scheme.

DRAWBACKS:

In both FDMA and TDMA, only one subscriber at a time is assigned to a channel. No other conversion can access this channel until the subscriber’s call is finished or until that original call to handed off to a different channel by the system. Voice data tends to be burst in nature. So much of the time, no data is being sent over the channel. This inefficiency tends to limit the capacity of the system.

3. CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

The above drawbacks are overcome in this third technique in which the users are spread across both frequency and time in the same

Channel. This is a hybrid combination of FDMA and TDMA. For example, frequency hopping may be employed to ensure during each successive time slot, the frequency bands assigned to the users are recorded in random manner. During time slot 1, user 1 occupies frequency band 1, user 2 occupies frequency band 2, user 3 occupies band 3 and so on. During time slot 2, user 1 hops to frequency band 3, user 2 hops to band 1, user 3 hops to band 2, and so on. An important advantage of CDMA over FDMA and TDMA is that it can provide for secure communication.

MEANING OF CDMA:

Here, the users are spread across both frequency and time in the same channel. Here, unique digital codes, rather than separate RF frequencies or channels are used to differentiate subscribers. The codes are shared by both the mobile stations (cellular phone) and the base station, and are called “pseudo random code sequences” or “pseudo-noise code sequences”.

PN – SEQUENCE:

A PN – sequence is a periodic binary sequence with a noise like waveform that is usually generated by means of a feedback shift register. ”pseudo” word is used, as these are not real noise. These are noise like.

BASIS OF CDMA:

Basis of CDMA is the spread spectrum technology.

SPREAD SPECTRUM is a means of transmission in which the data sequence occupies a bandwidth in excess of the minimum bandwidth necessary to send it. Spread spectrum is accomplished before transmission through the use of a code that is independent of the data sequence (PN).

It can provide secure communication in hostile environment such that the transmitted signal is not easily detected or recognized by unwanted listeners. It can reject interference whether it is the unintentional interference by another user simultaneously attempting to transmit through the channel, or the intentional interference by a hostile transmitter attempting to jam the transmission. Another application is in multiple access communication in which a number of independent users can share a common channel without an external synchronizing mechanism.

TYPES OF SPREAD SPECTRUM

1. DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUM

DS sequence allows each station to transmit over the entire frequency

Spectrum all the time. Multiple simultaneous transmissions are separated using some sort of coding technique that is each user is assigned a chip sequence. The sender and receiver synchronize by the receiver locking into the chip sequence and the sender and receiver locking into the chip sequence of the sender. All the other (unsynchronized) transmission is then seen as random noise. So with CDMA each user uses the full frequency spectrum.

They employ a high speed code sequence along with the basic information being sent, to modulate their RF carriers. The high speed code sequence is used directly setting the transmitted RF bandwidth.

Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) is the most common technique used in DS system. Direct sequence is, in essence, multiplication of a more conventional communication waveform by PN sequence in the transmitter.

2. FREQUENCY HOPPING SPREAD SPECTRUM

FH – CDMA is a kind of spread spectrum technology that enables many users to share the same channel by employing a unique hopping pattern to distinguish different users’ transmission. The type of spread spectrum in which the carrier hops randomly from one frequency to another is called FH spread spectrum. A common modulation format for FH system is that of M-ary frequency shift keying (MFSK).the combination is referred to as FH/MFSK.

A major advantage of frequency hopping is that it can be implemented over a much larger frequency band than it is possible to implement DS- spreading, and the band can be noncontiguous. Another major advantage is that frequency hopping provides resistance to multiple – access interference while not requiring power control to prevent near – far problems. In DS – systems , accurate power control is crucial but becomes less effective as the carrier frequency is increased.

Frequency hopping does not cover the entire spread spectrum

Instantaneously, we are led to consider the rate at which the hops occur. So, we may identify two basic characterizations of frequency hopping.

1. Slow frequency hopping, in which the symbol rate R_s of MFSK signal is an integrator multiple of the hop rate R_h . that is, several symbols are transmitted on each frequency hop

2. Fast frequency hopping, in which the hop rate R_h is an integrator multiple of the MFSK symbol rate R_s. that is, the carrier frequency will change or hop several times during the transmission of one symbol.

Multi-Carrier CDMA system

Multi-carrier modulation (MCM) is a data transmission technique where several sub carriers are employed to transport the user’s data stream signal. Originally this technique was implemented using a bank of analogue SyQuest filters which provide a set of continuous-time orthogonal basis functions. Today using very fast and cost effective digital signal processors, multi-carrier modulation can be implemented using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) as the set of orthogonal sub carriers. This makes the technique very attractive.

Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) improves system capacity by making transmission more robust to frequency selective fading and enhances user spectral efficiency. The main drawbacks are:

• Difficult sub carriers' synchronization in fading transmissions.
• Sensitivity to frequency offset is more pronounced than for a single carrier.
• Sensitivity to non-linear amplification (peak factor problem).

To gain the advantages of both schemes (CDMA & MCM), a combination known as multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) was proposed in 1993 taking after both CDMA & MCM schemes.

An MC-CDMA transmitter spreads the original data stream in the frequency domain over different sub carriers using a given spreading code. In this system the sub carriers convey the same information at one time. The MC-CDMA offers better frequency diversity to combat frequency selective fading.

Figure 1. MC-CDMA transmitter

Figure 2. Spectrum of MC-CDMA signal

The simplicity of the multi-carrier system is an important aspect in a cellular system especially for the down link receiver (mobile station). The modulation-demodula tion is done by IDFT - DFT. A wavelet-based system can be used instead of DFT for the multi-carrier modulation. Wavelet transform has a property of time-frequency multi resolution. By choosing the right wavelet function and scaling function, the system can achieve the optimum resolution according to need.

Digital communication systems can be viewed as general transmultiplexer systems, which consist of synthesis part and analysis part. The element, which plays an important role in characterization of the system, is the filter set used in both synthesis and analysis parts. The time-frequency properties of these filters, i.e. time spread and frequency spread, will determine the type of communication systems (TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, OFDM, MC-CDMA, MC-DS-CDMA).

Consequently, the key decision is how to design and optimize this set of filters according to their applications. One of the optimization results for multi-carrier systems is to use one of perfect reconstruction quadrate mirror filter (PR-QMF) types which are called discrete wavelet multi tone (DWMT). Using this DWMT system for MC-CDMA cellular system yields the following advantages:

• lower inter channel interference
• more robust against multipart fading
• more robust against narrow band interference or jamming signal

IS-95 CDMA system

The IS-95 CDMA system is a narrow band radio system. Bandwidth is limited to 1.25 MHz and a chip rate of 1.2288 Mcps. The system is intended to provide voice and low bit rate data service using circuit-switching techniques. Data rate varies from 1.2 kbps to 9.6 kbps. Forward (base station to mobile) and reverse (mobile to base station) link structures are different and each is capable of distinctive capacity. Forward transmission is coherent and synchronous while the reverse link is asynchronous. The 'chanellisation' in each link is achieved by using 64- chip orthogonal codes, including provision for pilot, synchronization, paging, and network access. Consequently, the number of active users able to simultaneously access the network is limited by the level of interference, service provisions and the number of 'channels' available.

CDMA TECHNOLOGY IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION

Through CDMA’s application in cellular telephony is relatively new, but it is not anew technology. CDMA has been used in much military application, such as anti jamming, ranging and secure communication.

The use of CDMA for civilian radio application is novel. Commercial application became possible because of following evolutionary developments.

· Availability of very low cost, highly dense digital integrated circuits, which reduce the size, weight and cost of the subscriber station to an acceptably low level.

· Realization that optimal multiple access communication requires that all user station regulate their transmission power to the lowest that will achieve adequate signal quality.

CDMA CELLULER RADIO STATION

Cellular services are now being used every day by million of people worldwide. The number of customers requiring such services is increasing exponentially, and there is a demand for integration of a variety of multimedia services. The range of services includes short messaging, voice, data and video. Consequently, the bit rate required for the services varies widely from just 1.2 kbps for paging up to several Mbpsfor vedio transmission. Furthermore, supporting such a wide range of data rates with flexible mobility management increase network complexity dramatically.

In a cellular network, each base station assigns separate directional sector antennas or separate outputs of a phased array to cover dis joint cell sector in both the transmitting and receiving modes. Typically there are three sectors, and 2п/3 radians span each sector.

Incelluler network, the frequency- hopping pattern can be chosen so that at any given instant of time , the frequency of the users within a cell sector are all different, and hence ,the received signals are all orthogonal if the mobile transmission are properly synchronized. Exact synchronization on the forward link is possible because acommon timing is available.the switching time or guard time between frequency- hopping pulses must be large enough to ensure that neither a small synchronization error nor multi-path signals can subvert the orthogonality.

MULTI-USER INTERFERENCE IN CDMA SYSTEM

In constrat to FDMA and TDMA techniques which are frequency bandwidth limited. In CDMA system,each user data is spread by a pseudorandom code. All user then transmit in the same frequency band and are distinguished at the receiver by the user sprcific spreading code. All other signal are not despread because they use different codes. Thease signal appear as interference to the desired user because of non zero cross co-relation values between the spreading codes. As the number of user increases , the signal to interference ratio (SIR) decrease until the resulting performance is no longer acceptable.thus, this multi –user interference must be reduced to achieve higher capacities. These are the following method to reduced the multiple –access interference.

1. By reducing cross-corelation in spread spectrum system

· Spreading the signal by orthogonal codes which have zero cross co-relation. This technique is very efficient in downlink transmission, because a base station can transmit to all user simultenously and the spread synchronously at the chip level. Transmitting asynchronously in the uplink, to restore the orthogonality of the codes, the mobile user can be time-aligned by a synchronization method.

· Cancellation schemes that usually work subtracting the interference caused by other user and require a significant processing power; they are very useful specially to solve near- for problems.

2. Power control

Power control is essential on both uplink and downlink, to minimize multiple access interference. A particular problem on the uplink is to prevent the case where mobile transmitters far away from the cells base station are swamped by the interference generated by the users closer to the receiver. provided that rather than using constant power,the transmitter can be control in such a way that that the received powers from all users are roughly equal,then the benefits of spreading are realized. If the received power is controlled, then the subscriber can occupy the same spectrum.

Maximum capacity can is achieved if we adjust the power control so that the SNR is exactly what it need to be for an acceptable error rate . the sustainable capacity is proportional to the processing gain W=Ts/Tc reduced by the required SNR.

3. Capacity improvement with CDMA antenna arrays

A simple equation for the uplink capacity U of a single CDMA cell is given by:

U=1+WG/(Eb/N0) -(σ2/G)

Where the value of Eb/N0 represents that required for adequate link performance. The scaler σ2 is the background noise power and S is the received signal power for each user. Finally g is the ratio of the antenna gain for the desired user to that of interfering user in that cell. The value of G depends on the beam pattern for each user, but will roughly proportional to

The array size M.

As a result,antenna arrays can improve the capacity in two ways :

· Increasing the antenna gain G and hence the array M. this reduce the average level of interference from each user in the cell, permitting a capacity increase . however this gain factor can be reduced by user clustering in one part of the cell.

· Reducing the required Eb/N0. antenna array can provide increased space diversity at the base station , which can permit the receiver to operate at lower power signal. This increase the tolerance of the receiver to multiple access interference

MULTI-PATH FADING IN CDMA SYSTEM

Fading is a fluctuation in the received signal strength at the receiver or a random variation in the received signal is known as fading. Fading of radio waves is the undesired variation in the intensity or loudness f the waves received at the receiver .

When the multi-path components are “resolved ” by the CDMA waveform, that is, when their delays are separated by the at least the de-

Correlation time of the spreading ,then they can be separated by the dispreading correlator in the receiver . they do not interfere because each components correlate at a different delay. When the multipath components are separated by less than the correlation time, then they can not be separated in the receiver , and they do interfere with one another, leading to what is sometimes called flat fading.

FADING ON CDMA CHANNEL

Fading is different in the forward and reverse links. It also depends on the fading rate , which in turn depends on the velocity of the mobile station .

Generally fading increases the average SNR nedded for a particular rate . in the reverse link the power control will mitigate the effects of fading at low speed , at high speed it has little effect .

So we can say that in the demodulation of the CDMA signals, the different paths may be independently received, which greatly reduces the severity of the multi-path fading. However multipath fading can not be eliminatedbecause ocassionaly there may be multipath that can not be independently processed by the demodulator.

ADVANTAGES

1. Capacity increase

2. No frequency management or assignment

3. Best for micro-cell and in building system

4. Reduce average transmitted power

5. Reduces number of sites needed to support any given amount of traffic

6. Reduce deployment and operating cost because fewer cell sites are needed

7. Improves the telephone traffic capacity

8. improves the voice quality and eliminate audible and effects of multipath fading

9. Provides reliable transport mechanism for data communication, such as facsimile and internet traffic.

10. Simplifies site selection

DISADVANTAGE

1.Multi-user interference or multiple access interference( MAI)

2.Multi-path fading

3.near- for problem

CONCLUSION

CDMA is radically new concept in wireless communication.

It has gained widespread international acceptance by celluler radio system operators as an upgrde that will dremetically increase both their systems capacity and the service quality. Moreever it spread spectrum technology is both more secure , less probable to intercept and jam,highly private and offer higher trasmmission quality than TDMA because of its increase resistance to multipath distortion .

The principle type od CDMA systems are direct sequence CDMA ,frequency hopping CDMA and multicarrier CDMA . the major problem in CDMA is the multiple Access interference( MAI) which arises due the deviation of the spreading codes from perfect orthogonality . capacity of CDMA is interference limited .the obvious way to increase capacity of the CDMA is to reduce the level of interference . This is achieved by reducing cross correlation, power control and with antenna arrays.

Nokia And Other Mobile tricks

Mobile Phone Secrets & Tricks
.:: NOKIA ::.

Nokia Universal Codes
Code Description :
These Nokia codes will work on most Nokia Mobile
Phones

(1) *3370# Activate Enhanced Full Rate Codec (EFR)
- Your phone uses the best sound quality but talk time
is reduced my approx. 5%

(2) #3370# Deactivate Enhanced Full Rate Codec
(EFR) OR *3370# ( Favourite )

(3) *#4720# Activate Half Rate Codec - Your phone
uses a lower quality sound but you should gain
approx 30% more Talk Time.

(4) *#4720# Deactivate Half Rate Codec.

(5) *#0000# Displays your phones software version,
1st Line : Software Version, 2nd Line : Software
Release Date, 3rd Line : Compression Type. (
Favourite )

(6) *#9999# Phones software version if *#0000#
does not work.

(7) *#06# For checking the International Mobile
Equipment Identity (IMEI Number). ( Favourite )

(8) #pw+1234567890+1# Provider Lock Status. (use
the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(9) #pw+1234567890+2# Network Lock Status. (use
the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(10) #pw+1234567890+3# Country Lock Status. (use the
"*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(11) #pw+1234567890+4# SIM Card Lock Status. (use
the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(12) *#147# (vodafone) this lets you know who called
you last.

(13) *#1471# Last call (Only vodofone).

(14) *#21# Allows you to check the number that "All
Calls" are diverted to

(15) *#2640# Displays security code in use.

(16) *#30# Lets you see the private number.

(17) *#43# Allows you to check the "Call Waiting"
status of your phone.

(18) *#61# Allows you to check the number that "On
No Reply" calls are diverted to.

(19) *#62# Allows you to check the number that
"Divert If Unreachable (no service)" calls
are diverted to.

(20) *#67# Allows you to check the number that "On
Busy Calls" are diverted to.

(21) *#67705646# Removes operator logo on 3310 &
3330.

(22) *#73# Reset phone timers and game scores.

(23) *#746025625# Displays the SIM Clock status, if
your phone supports this power saving feature
"SIM Clock Stop Allowed", it means you will get the
best standby time possible.

(24) *#7760# Manufactures code.

(25) *#7780# Restore factory settings.

(26) *#8110# Software version for the nokia 8110.



(27) *#92702689# Displays - 1.Serial Number, 2.Date
Made, 3.Purchase Date, 4.Date of last repair
(0000 for no repairs), 5.Transfer User Data. To exit
this mode you need to switch your phone off
then on again. ( Favourite )

(28) *#94870345123456789# Deactivate the PWM-Mem.

(29) **21*number# Turn on "All Calls" diverting to
the phone number entered.

(30) **61*number# Turn on "No Reply" diverting to
the phone number entered.

(31) **67*number# Turn on "On Busy" diverting to the
phone number entered.

(32) 12345 This is the default security code.

press and hold # Lets you switch between
lines
NOKIA 5110/5120/5130/5190
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]
Half Rate: * 4 7 2 0 #
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+1
Network lock status #pw+1234567890+2
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+3
SimCard lock status: #pw+1234567890+4
NOKIA 6110/6120/6130/6150/6190
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]
Half Rate: * 4 7 2 0 #
NOKIA 3110
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 # or * # 9 9 9 9 # or *
# 3 1 1 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
NOKIA 3330
*#06#
This will show your warranty details *#92702689#
*3370#
Basically increases the quality of calling sound, but
decreases battery length.
#3370#
Deactivates the above
*#0000#
Shows your software version
*#746025625#This shows if your phone will allow sim
clock stoppage
*4370#
Half Rate Codec activation. It will automatically
restart
#4370#
Half Rate Codec deactivation. It will automatically
restart
Restore Factory Settings
To do this simply use this code *#7780#
Manufacturer Info
Date of Manufacturing *#3283#
*3001#12345# (TDMA phones only)


This will put your phone into programming mode, and
you'll be presented with the programming menu.
2) Select "NAM1"
3) Select "PSID/RSID"
4) Select "P/RSID 1"
Note: Any of the P/RSIDs will work
5) Select "System Type" and set it to Private
6) Select "PSID/RSID" and set it to 1
7) Select "Connected System ID"
Note: Enter your System ID for Cantel, which is 16401
or 16423. If you don't know yours,
ask your local dealer for it.
8) Select "Alpha Tag"
9) Enter a new tag, then press OK
10) Select "Operator Code (SOC)" and set it to 2050
11) Select "Country Code" and set it to 302 for
Canada, and 310 for the US.
12) Power down the phone and power it back on again
ISDN Code
To check the ISDN number on your Nokia use this code
*#92772689#
.:: Ericsson ::.
Ericson T65
*#05# Fake Insert puk screen Press no to exit
Ericsson T20

Ericsson T20

MENU tecnichal Info
[type] >*<<*<*
Displays :
1] Info service
1] Info SW
2] Info hardware
3] SIMlock
4]setup

2] Service setup
1] Contrast
3]Service Test
1] Display
2]Leds
3]Keyboard
4] ringer
5] Vibration
6]Headset
7] Microphone
8]Clock
4] Names List
MENU info
[Type] >*<<**<
Network and Subnetwork : NCK and NSCK
Ericsson T28


>*<<*<* menu Tecnichal info
SW vers. and name list
>*<<**< menu Personal Info
Network and Subnetwork : NCK and NSCK
<> are the right and left menu's keys
Ericsson T18s/T10/A1018s
>*<<*<* software
CXC125065 Internal product code
PRG
970715 1515 Software version and SW rev.
<* CLR <><**
<> are the right and left menu's keys
!!!><**
Control /Enable SIM Lock!!!
Ericsson R310


Technical Info : >*<<*<*
Options :
1) service Info
info Software
Simlock
Configuration
2) Service Test
Display
Led/Illumination
Keyboard
ringer
Vibration
Headset
Microphone
Clock
3)Text's name List
Info personal : >*<<**<
SIM Locking ( 8 digits' code ) ( it could harm your
phone )
1) Network
2) Subnetwork
3) SP
4) Corporate
.:: Siemens ::.
Siemens C25
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: put off sim card and enter: : * # 0
6 # and press LONG KEY
Bonus screen: in phone booke: + 1 2 0 2 2 2 4 3 1 2 1
.:: Bosch ::.
IMEI Number: * # 0 6 #
Dafault Language: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Net Monitor: * # 3 2 6 2 2 5 5 * 8 3 7 8 #
.::Alcatel ::.
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 6 #
Net Monitor: 0 0 0 0 0 0 *
.:: Samsung ::.
Samsung SGH600/2100DB


IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 9 9 9 9 # albo * # 0 8 3 7 #
Net Monitor: * # 0 3 2 4 #
Chaning LCD contrast: * # 0 5 2 3 #
Memory info: * # 0 3 7 7 # albo * # 0 2 4 6 #
Reset pamieci (SIMLOCK`a removing!!!): *2767*3855#
Reset pamieci CUSTOM: *2767*2878#
Battery state: * # 9 9 9 8 * 2 2 8 #
Alarm beeper: *#9998*289#
Vibra test: *#9998*842#
.:: Dancall ::.
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 9 9 9 9 #
.:: Philips ::.
*#3333*# Displays the blocking list.
*#7489*# Displays the security code.
*#06# Displays the IMEI number.
*#8377*# Displays the SW info.
.:: Panasonic ::.
Panasonic gd90 gd93
*#9999# SW - Type the code on switch on , during
network seek
-Vers. SW and production code
Enable ringing and vibration contemporarily
Enable vibration with # then increase volume with
"tone menu "
Panasonic gd70
*#9999# SW - Type the code on switch on , during
network seek
-Vers. SW and production code
Enable ringing and vibration contemporarily
Enable vibration with # then increase volume with
"tone menu "
.:: Acer ::.
Acer V 750
*#400# Display Adc/ Set Cal-Value -
*#402# Set LCD Contrast
*#403# Display Errors Info
*#300# Display Info Hw & Sw
*#301# Menu Test
*#302# Menu Acoustics
*#303# (Settings saved) Set English language?
*#307# Menu Engineering
*#311# Reset Phone Code - [ Also reset Security Codes
! ]
*#330# (Execute not success) [ unknown ]
*#331# (Service deactivated) [ unknown ]
*#332# (Service unavailable)[ unknown ]
*#333# (Execute not success)[ unknown ]
*#351# (Service unavailable) [ unknown ]
*#360# (Invalid input)[ unknown ]
*#361# (Invalid input) [ unknown ]
*#362# (Invalid input) [ unknown ]
*#363# (Invalid input) [ unknown ]
.:: Genie ::.
Genie DB
*#06# IMEI.
*#2254*# Near Cell Mode.
For every received BTS will be displayed :
Current channel and 2 channel levels
*#06# IMEI
*#2558# time of network connection ( D/H/M )
*#2562# Fores reconnection to network
!!!*#7489# Dispalys and modify phones' security
code!!!
!!!*#3377# SIM lock information !!!
*#7378# SIM card Informations : supported phase name
and tipe
*#7693# Enable/disable "Sleep Mode"
*#8463# State of "Sleep Mode"
*#2255# Debug Call Mode enable/disable
*#3333*# Displays the blocking list.
*#7489*# Displays the security code
*#06# Displays the IMEI number
*#8377*# Displays the SW info.
.:: NEC ::.
NEC db2000
*#2820# software vers.
IMEI *#06#
Reset *73738# (send?)
SP Lock info:
* # 3210 # (send?)
Network barring info : *#8140# (send?)
( it could harm your phone )
SIM lock it could harm your phone )
*#4960 # (send?) -Inquiry * 4960 * password * password
# (send?) lock
#4960* password # (send?) unlock
[password] [8 digits]
Net Lock
*#7320# (send?) -Inquiry * 7320 * password * password
# (send?) lock
#7320* password # (send?) unlock
[password] [ 8 digits]
Net Lock 2:
*#2220# (invio) - Inquiry * 2220 * password * password
# (send?) lock
#2220* password # (invio?)unlock
[password] [8 digits]
Unlock subnetwork
*#1110# (send?) - inquiry * 1110 * password * password
# (send?) lock
#1110* password # (send?) unlock
[password] [n� 8 cifre]
( it could harm your phone )
.:: Trium ::.
Trium Geo/Geo @ - Astral - Cosmo -Aria
Enter the menu and type *
A new menu will be displayed :
Application : SW version and battery's voltage

Trium Galaxy
Push * and type 5806: Production date and SW version
.:: Telit ::.
Telit GM 810


MONITOR - technical menu - : type ++++ and push OK.
Adiacent cells list : # and *
Now if you push OK the phone displays battery ' s
voltage and temperature
.:: Sagem ::.
Sagem MC959/940
Select commands' menu and push *
Displays a new menu' :
Appli : software vers. and battery's voltage
Eprom
Sim Lock
Test LCD: display test , green/red and vibration
Sagem MC920
Select commands' menu and push *
Displays 5 new menus :
1 APPLI
VERSION ( SW)
BATTERY (voltage )
2 PROM (IMEI)
3!!! SIM LOCK (10 digits code requested ) !!!
4- NETWORK (returns : OPTION NOT AVAILABLE)
5- TEST LCD
SYMBOL 1 (LCD)
SYMBOL 2 (test2 LCD)
BLACK (all icons and carachters displayed )
FOR PHOTO (welcome message and time )
VIBRATOR (vibration test )
.:: Sony ::.
Sony CMD Z5/J5
Vers. SW :
Without SIM , switch on phone and type l *#7353273#
.:: Eprom ::.

!!! Sim Lock [10 digits code ] ( it could harm your
phone )
NETWORK : OPTION NOT AVAILABLE
Test LCD: display test of the green/red leds and
vibration
Push * and type 4329 :enables/disables network monitor
1 (the same of MT35)
Push * and type 621342 :enables/disables network
monitor 2
Push * and type 5807 : Serial Number Software Vers.
Push * and type 936505: IMEI -- Software Vers.
TPush * and type 547 : Test serial Data Cable DISPLAYS
:"Testmode"
Push * and type 362628: ISMI BLOCK (UNKNOWN)
Push * and type 476989: NS BLOCK (UNKNOWN)
Push * and type 482896:CP BLOCK (UNKNOWN)
Push * and type 787090: ? BLOCK (UNKNOWN)
Push * and type 787292 : block current network
!!! Push * and type 967678: SP LOCK!!!
Push * and type 850696:Warm Start ( ENABLE/DISABLE)
Push * and type 3926 : Swicth off phone
Push * and type 5806: Production date and SW version
.:: Motorola ::.
Motorola V3688


IMEI *#06#
Enhanced Full Rate Codec EFR
Enable EFR : [][][] 119 [] 1 [] OK.
disable EFR : [][][] 119 [] 0 [] OK
.:: Tips and Tricks ::.
Send an E-mail from your GSM
From your telephone you can send an email to whichever
E-mail customer of the Internet network.
The e-mail will be sent to the maximum of within an
hour from the reception.
The sended message will contain in luminosity the
telephone number of the sender.

In order for sending e-mail, send an SMS with this
syntax (always separated by spaces):
EMA name@domain text-of-your-email
Example: in order to send an email to john@..., do the
following:
EMA john@... text-of-your-email
if your phone cant print @ replace it with a !
EMA johon!doe.com text-of-your-email
And then send this message to the folloving number:
+39 338 8641732
Free SMS Center numbers



From your telephone you can send SMS messages of 160
char. max. to another GSM phone
Your message will be sent through an SMS Center
(usually the one that gave your provider)
You pay a little fee depending of your provider, BUT
YOU WILL HAVE TO PAY something
In order for sending SMS without paying anything, you
got to change your SMS Center number with these one
+491722270300 or +358405202999 or +352021100003
Codes (that they dont tell you in the manual)
To check the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment
Identity) type: *#06#
Information you get from the IMEI:
XXXXXX XX XXXXXX X
TAC FAC SNR SP
TAC = Type Approval Code (first 2 digits = country
code).
FAC = Final Assembly Code (For Nokia phones FAC=10).
SNR = Serial Number.
SP = Spare (always SP=0).
To check the phone's software (firmware revision
information) type: *#0000# ( or for some phones outher
then Nokia 61XX you can try *#model nummber# ex. for
8110 *#8110#)
Information you can get from the phone's software
version:
V 3.14
28-11-97
NSE-3
1st line: Software version.
2nd line: The date of the software release.


3nd line: Phone type, .

Some versions and dates:
V 3.14 28/11/97
V4.33 11/03/98
V 4.73 22/04/98
V 5.24 14/9/98
Pin-Out Diagram for the 6110


1 - VIN CHARGER INPUT VOLTAGE 8.4V 0.8A
2 - CHRG CTRL CHARGER CONTROL PWM 32Khz
3 - XMIC MIC INPUT 60mV - 1V
4 - SGND SIGNAL GROUND
5 - XEAR EAR OUTPUT 80mV - 1V


6 - MBUS 9600 B/S
7 - FBUS_RX 9.6 - 230.4 KB/S
8 - FBUS_TX 9.6 - 230.4 KB/S
9 - L_GND CHARGER / LOGIC GND
Revealing Headphone and Car-Kit Menus
Think about this: If you do these tricks the new menus
can not be erased after the procedure. But it's not
dangerous or harmful for your phone
To enable the headset-function, you have to
short-circuit the "3" and "4". After a short time
there is "Headset" on the display Now, menu 3-6 is now
enabled!
To enable the carkit-function you have to
short-circuit the "4" and "5". After a short time,
"Car" is shown on the display and the menu 3-7 is
enabled!!
This Trick is for you how want to hear more then your
supposed to !
If you short-circuit the left and the right contact
with the middle contact ("3", "6" and "9") the Nokia
Software hangs! The profile "Headset" will be
activated. Before you do this, just active the "auto
call receive" function in the headphone profile and
set the ringing volume to "mute" Now you can use your
phone for checking out what people are talking about
in a room. Place the phone somewhere stratidic and
call your phone! The phone receives the call without
ringing and you can listen to what people are talking
about! .....gr8...
Serial numbers on your 6110
For more info type: *#92702689#
The first screen gives you the serial and IMEI number.
Then there is the Date of Manufacture: ex. Made 1297
Then there is the Purchasing Date: ex. Purchasing Date
0298
Then there is the last Repair Date: ex. Repaired: 0000
Note: you must turn off the phone to exit after this
test, because of the last function, "transfer user
data" which doesn't work as "standard"....You can use
this mode only to transfer all Calender, Profile and
Callers Group Information to another phone (eg. if you
are replacing phone or configuring phones for use
within your company or when a particular phone doesn't
works correctly )
Activating and deactivating EFR and HFR, on your 6110
*3370# to activate Enhanced Full Rate - Makes calls
sound better, but decreases the battery life by about
5%.
#3370# to deactivate Enhanced Full Rate
*4720# to activate Half Rate Mode - Drops call
quality, but increases battery life by about 30%.
#4720# to deactivate Half Rate Mode